gnotobiotic การใช้

Difficult certainly, but we've created axenic and gnotobiotic plants and animals.
Aerobic and less oxygen sensitive gnotobiotic studies.
One study looked at rats that were born and raised in a sterile environment in the absence of any bacteria ( gnotobiotic ).
Gnotobiotic animals ( also " gnotobiotes " or " gnotobionts " ) are born in microbiota that includes hundreds or thousands of unique organisms.
Animals reared in a gnotobiotic colony often have poorly developed immune systems, lower cardiac output, thin intestinal walls and high susceptibility to infectious pathogens.