missing markets การใช้

• We otherwise risk missing market opportunities in our global business through being too far away from our customers,
• Namely, due to problems such as costs of information and missing markets, market economies solve problems differently than described by the neoclassical analysis.
• The first, or the development of missing markets, requires information gathering and analysis on the scale of the full financial system, rather than within one sector at a time.
• A classic example of a missing market is the case of an "'externality "'like pollution, where decision makers are not responsible for some of the consequences of their actions.
• In Bergstrom's model, governments fill in this missing market by introducing a new commodity, " smoking permits, " along with a law requiring smokers ( or smoke-emitting firms ) to purchase permits.
• This later Lal argues provides the most useful analytical framework for examining the dirigistes'arguments about the inadequacies of the free market and the scope for government interventions due to missing markets or distributional worries.
• Bergstrom models the negative effects of smoking on others as an externality problem that is caused by a " missing market "  no market exists in which non-smokers and smokers can form agreements to internalize the external costs of smoking.
• The agenda relates to ( i ) the development of missing markets, such as the bond market, and achieving scale and outreach with nascent markets; ( ii ) redistribution and quasi-fiscal operations where certain sectors, income or occupational categories are the beneficiaries.
• In such cases, economists may attempt to find policies that avoid waste, either directly by government control, indirectly by regulation that induces market participants to act in a manner consistent with optimal welfare, or by creating " missing markets " to enable efficient trading where none had previously existed.