andrenidae การใช้

• The family Andrenidae is specific to sand bees, andrenid bees, and mining bees.
• The Andrenidae are known from the Eocene-Oligocene boundary, around 34 Mya, of the Florissant shale.
• The Andrenidae that are suggested below are indeed solitary, and look to the casual observer much like a common honey bee.
• Panurgines also frequently have yellow markings in locations other than on the face, a feature not seen in any other subfamilies of Andrenidae.
• The Andrenidae are typically small to moderate-sized bees, which often have sting apparatus is so reduced that they are effectively unable to sting.
• There are no cuckoo bees in the families Andrenidae, Melittidae, or Stenotritidae, and possibly the Colletidae ( there are only unconfirmed suspicions that one group of Hawaiian Hylaeus species may be parasitic ).
• Such pollinators are often called "'oligoleges "'or simply "'specialist pollinators "', and this behavior is especially common in the bee families Andrenidae and Halictidae.
• A morphometric analysis of the wings indicates placement into the bee family Andrenidae, though specific features of the family, such as two sulci under the antenna and pointed glossa in the mouth parts are not visible in the fossil.
• ""'Andrena antoinei " "'is an extinct species of mining bee in the family Andrenidae described from a single fossil found in a Late Oligocene lake in present day France that existed in semi-arid conditions.
• I have no knowledge of how common the behaviour is in " Andrenidae ", but, without having a much higher resolution image, I'm going to say " Andrena " looks to be rather our suspect based on purely external physical taxonomy . talk 01 : 56, 5 May 2014 ( UTC)
• Under the family Andrenidae is the species Perdita portalis, in which observations have suggested it is oligolectic . " Perdita portalis " is a communal, ground nesting bee that has been found to preferentially pollinate certain host flowers of the same species . " Andrena agilissima " is another oligolectic mining bee that prefers different types of wild mustard and radish plants.