buoyage การใช้

• Previously there had been 30 different buoyage systems, before IALA rationalised the system.
• Its principal work since 1973 has been the implementation of the IALA Maritime Buoyage System.
• ODAS buoys are not navigational aids but have been included into the IALA Maritime Buoyage System.
• This system replaced some 30 dissimilar buoyage systems in use throughout the world with 2 major systems.
• The new standardised system was ratified in 1980, and the buoyage system remains in international use.
• Responsibilities of DaMSA included authorizing navigation systems and buoyage, resolving issues concerning Military of Denmark and civilians.
• Mutually inconsistent buoyage systems had proliferated in the 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to many accidents at sea.
• Winter buoys are in place from December 1 to March 1 every year, and placing and replacing the buoyage has become a very extensive operation.
• Trinity House played a major part in the design of the IALA Maritime Buoyage System, laying the first buoy off Dover, watched over by representatives of 16 nations on 15 April 1977.
• SIGNI is the abbreviation used for Signs and Signals on Inland Waterways, which are contained in an Annex adopted by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe . SIGNI takes into account the IALA Maritime Buoyage System and CEVNI, the European Code for Inland Waterways.
• Initially projected under the 1883 " Plano Geral de Alumiamento e Balizagem " ( " Illumination and Buoyage General Plan " ) for the settlement of Ponta Delgada, its construction was pre-empted by the 1902 commission, which intended to develop a new lighthouse based on modern technologies at the time.
• Admiralty charts include information on : depths ( chart datum ), coastline, buoyage, land and underwater contour lines, seabed composition, hazards, tidal information ( indicated by " tidal diamonds " ), prominent land features, traffic separation schemes radio direction finding ( RDF ) information, lights, and other information to assist in navigation.
• Although the international agreement of 1982 implementing a harmonized buoyage system is a major achievemnt for IALA the Organization, through its committees carried out a lot of works in other directions resulting in innovating techniques being adopted all over the work, such as the AIS ( Automatic Identification System ), DGNSS ( Differential Global Navigation System ) and many others.
• A few familiar landmarks had disappeared : at the mouth of some rivers with shifting bars any buoyage that still existed might bear little relation to the channel, but the same boats were back afloat and, as before the war, it was regarded as bad form to display the boat's name anywhere except on the jerseys and caps of the crew.
• Country entries may contain information on the following subjects buoyage systems, currency, firing areas, fishing areas, government, holidays, ice, industries, languages, mined areas, navigational information ( to include maritime claims, maritime boundary disputes, and enroute volumes ), offshore drilling, pilotage, pollution, prohibited areas, regulations, restricted areas, search and rescue, signals, submarine operating areas, time zone, traffic separation schemes, U . S . embassy, and vessel traffic services.