caulobacter การใช้

• The opposing roles of the " Caulobacter"
• In each cell cycle, " Caulobacter " divides asymmetrically into two daughters.
• DnaA and CtrA proteins are essential to the tight control of " Caulobacter " chromosome replication.
• Bacteria, including Enterobacteria, Caulobacter, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter serve as natural hosts for these bacteriophages.
• Asymmetrically dividing bacteria, such as " Caulobacter crescentus ", show signs of replicative aging.
• The type order is the Caulobacterales, comprising stalk-forming bacteria such as " Caulobacter ".
• This type of regulation seems to occur in other species such as " Bacillus subtilis " and " Caulobacter crescentus ".
• An essential feature of the " Caulobacter " cell cycle is that the chromosome is replicated once and only once per cell cycle.
• More work can be found that focus on modeling a particular cellular process such as the growth cycle of " Caulobacter crescentus ".
• In " Caulobacter ", this is accomplished by the genetic regulatory circuit composed of five master regulators and an associated phospho-signaling network.
• Examining the cell cycle control logic of " Caulobacter " as a state machine leads to understanding of bacterial cell cycle regulation as a whole cell phenomenon.
• Scientists have developed and explored a variety of scientific models, from Lucy Shapiro's single-celled Caulobacter crescentus to the three-spined stickleback and the zebrafish.
• In " Caulobacter " cells, replication of the chromosome involves about 2 million DNA synthesis reactions for each arm of the chromosome over 40 to 80 min depending on conditions.
• The proteins of the " Caulobacter " cell cycle control system are widely co-conserved across the alphaproteobacteria, but the ultimate function of this regulatory system varies widely in different species.
• "Caulobacter " is an important model organism for studying the regulation of the cell cycle, asymmetric cell division, and cellular differentiation . " Caulobacter " daughter cells have two very different forms.
• "Caulobacter " is an important model organism for studying the regulation of the cell cycle, asymmetric cell division, and cellular differentiation . " Caulobacter " daughter cells have two very different forms.
• This image shows 3D super-resolution imaging of Caulobacter crescentus bacteria cell surfaces ( gray ) and a labeled protein ( CreS, orange-red ) obtained using the double-helix single-molecule active control microscopy technique.
• Rather than containing an evenly dispersed mixture of proteins, the single celled " Caulobacter " resembles a highly organized factory, with specific " machinery " regulating each step in the cell cycle to ensure that changes occur at developmentally appropriate times.
• In most bacteria that have been studied, including the Gram-negative " Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Caulobacter crescentus ", and " Vibrio alginolyticus ", the filament is made up of 11 protofilaments approximately parallel to the filament axis.
• For example, " Agrobacterium tumefaciens " is a plant pathogen, " Brucella abortus " is an animal pathogen, and " Sinorhizobium meliloti " is a soil bacterium that invades, and becomes a symbiont in, plant root nodules that fix nitrogen yet most of the proteins of the " Caulobacter " cell cycle control are also found in these species.