cephalad การใช้

• They are cephalad from the diagphragm and caudad from the neck.
• Focal adhesions frequently tether the greater omentum to the cephalad aspect of the transverse mesocolon.
• Dissection through this allows access to the cephalad ( top ) surface of the transverse mesocolon.
• The uterus is incised, and this incision is extended with blunt pressure along a cephalad-caudad axis.
• Sternal piece large, slightly contracted between the fourth pair of coxae, gradually enlarging and obtusely truncate cephalad.
• Similarly, focal adhesions occur between the undersurface of the greater omentum and the cephalad aspect of the transverse mesocolon.
• A Hayes maneuver ( pressure applied below the umbilicus in cephalad and dorsal direction ) elevates the root of the SMA, also slightly easing the constriction.
• To obtain images of the cervical region the patient is then carefully tilted cephalad ( toward the head ) so contrast agent ( particularly Pantopaque ) can enter the neck region.
• Although the exact cause is not known at this time, it is suspected that microgravity-induced cephalad fluid shift and comparable physiological changes play a significant role in these changes.
• As the name implies, the BURP manoeuvre requires a clinician to apply pressure on the thyroid cartilage posteriorly, then cephalad ( upwards ) and, finally, laterally towards the patient's right.
• "' Sacrum and Coccyx "'- If both bones are to be examined separate cephalad and caudad AP axial projections are obtained for the sacrum and coccyx respectively as well as a single Lateral of both bones.
• Stenvers projection taken to demonstrate internal auditory canal and temporal bones . anterior projections . 12 degree cephalad angulation, with head rotated 45 degrees from AP . With patient head in RPO position, CR is directed below left zygoma and centered to mastoid.
• The use of a 3-bevel ( Quinke ) needles is highly associated with PDPH as the geometry of the needle can create a " flap " that allows CSF leakage when inserted in standard horizontal position ( open face of needle cephalad ).
• "' Cervical Spine "'- Five or six projections are common; a Lateral, two 45 degree obliques, an AP axial ( Cephalad ), an AP " Open Mouth " for C1-C2, and Cervicothoracic Lateral ( Swimmer's ) to better visualize C7-T1 if necessary.