citicoline การใช้

• Citicoline has a very low toxicity profile in animals and humans.
• In cocaine-dependent individuals citicoline increases brain dopamine levels and reduces cravings.
• Citicoline lowers increased glutamate concentrations and raises decreased ATP concentrations induced by ischemia.
• Interneuron Tuesday afternoon halted trading of its shares on Nasdaq to make the citicoline announcement.
• The test subjects took citicoline within 24 hours of the onset of stroke and for six weeks after.
• Interneuron Pharmaceuticals Inc . reports promising preliminary findings from advanced clinical trials on its stroke drug, citicoline.
• Fifty-five percent of those taking citicoline died, compared with 66 percent of patients getting placebos.
• There is also no clear evidence to suggest that citicoline, Methylprednisolone, or antipsychotic medications prevent delirium.
• Citicoline enhances cellular communication by increasing the availability of neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, norepinephrine, and dopamine.
• A citicoline study released last spring indicated that the drug hastened recovery from a stroke compared to a placebo.
• Citicoline, an oral drug, is designed to be given within 24 hours of a stroke's onset.
• Citicoline also increases glutamate uptake by increasing expression of EAAT2, a glutamate transporter, in vitro in rat astrocytes.
• The drug, known by the chemical name citicoline, is sold by companies including Takeda Chemical Industries in some 30 countries.
• The studies involved 214 patients, half of whom got either 500-milligram or 2, 000-milligram doses of citicoline.
• By comparison, strokes grew 34 percent in patients getting the lower dose of citicoline and just 2 percent in those getting the higher dose.
• Preliminary research has found that citicoline supplements help improve focus and mental energy and may possibly be useful in the treatment of attention deficit disorder.
• It should be noted that citicoline is the only substance that ever showed any significant neuroprotective effect at least in patients with less severe stroke events.
• Dr . Jeffrey Saver of the UCLA Stroke Center combined the results of all the reported citicoline studies, seven of them involving 1, 963 patients.
• Citicoline, like other neuroprotective drugs, is designed to prevent a disastrous chemical chain reaction that makes strokes grow in size in the days following their onset.
• Warach said he is discussing with Ferrer Grupo of Spain, the drug's owner, the possibility of doing more citicoline research at the stroke institute.