clinodactyly การใช้

• As a result, the index fingers may be fixed in an abnormally bent position ( clinodactyly ).
• Both the mother and the son had marked bilateral clinodactyly of the fifth fingers associated with hypoplastic middle phalanx.
• Clinodactyly can be passed through inheritance and presents as either an isolated anomaly or a component manifestation of a genetic syndrome.
• Dysmorphic features can vary from isolated, mild anomalies such as clinodactyly or synophrys to severe congenital anomalies, such as heart defects and holoprosencephaly.
• Other skeletal malformations are found with 13q deletion syndrome, including syndactyly, clubfoot, clinodactyly, and malformations of the vertebrae and / or thumbs.
• In the skeletal system, ribs may be absent, and hemivertebrae, syndactyly ( fusion of fingers together ), and clinodactyly ( curvature of the fifth finger ) may be present.
• Many syndromes are associated with clinodactyly, including Down Syndrome, Turner syndrome, Aarskog syndrome, Carpenter syndrome, Seckel syndrome, Cornelia de Lange syndrome, orofaciodigital syndrome 1, 13q deletion syndrome and Silver Russell syndrome.
• Less frequently encountered findings include cleft lip and palate, preauricular tags and fistulas, thymic dysplasia, intestinal malrotation, megacolon, inguinal hernia, dislocated hips, cryptorchidism, hypospadias, rare renal malformations ( e . g ., horseshoe kidneys, renal ectopia or agenesis, hydronephrosis ), clinodactyly of the fifth fingers, talipes equinovarus, pes planus, syndactyly of the second and third fingers and toes, oligosyndactyly, and hyperextensible joints.
• Other characteristics that are less frequently seen are : broad nasal base, low anterior hair line, low set ears, crowding of the teeth, maxillary hypoplasia, rounded and sloping shoulders, pectus excavatum, scoliosis, high arched palate, orbital dystopia, low implant of the breasts with asymmetric nipples and volume, webbed neck, hand or foot abnormalities such as clinodactyly ( most common is a curved 5th finger ) and cutaneous syndactyly ( webbed fingers / toes ).