cyatheaceae การใช้

• Cyatheaceae are leptosporangiate ferns, the most familiar group of monilophytes.
• Initially, indusium and scale molecular phylogeny of the Cyatheaceae is refined.
• Cyatheaceae are the largest family of tree ferns, including about 500 species.
• The Cyatheaceae usually have a single, erect trunk-like rhizome ( stem ).
• In the Cyatheaceae, the sori occur away from the margins of the pinnules, and are elongate or rounded.
• Cyatheaceae and Dicksoniaceae, together with Metaxyaceae and Cibotiaceae, are a monophyletic group and constitute the " core tree ferns ".
• The members of the Cyatheaceae family reproduce from spores produced in small cup-shaped sporansia on the bottom side of their leaves.
• At first it was thought to be a relation of the Cyatheaceae because of the characteristic abaxial sori, or the pattern of gametophyte germination.
• ""'Cyathea robusta " "'is a fern in the Cyatheaceae specific epithet alludes to its robust habit.
• Since the exact number of species is not known, classification of the Cyatheaceae has had a long and controversial history, and is still undergoing revision.
• Cyatheaceae can be distinguished from arborescent " Dicksonia " by the presence of scales, the position of the sori, and the morphology of sporangia and spores.
• The "'Dicksoniaceae "'is a genera in the family are terrestrial ferns or have very short trunks compared to tree ferns of the family Cyatheaceae.
• About half of these are endemic; in the scaly tree fern family Cyatheaceae, native to the eastern humid forests, all but three of 47 species are endemic.
• Cyathea howeana " "'is a fern in the Cyatheaceae specific epithet refers to Lord Howe Island, the locality to which it is endemic in Australia.
• Tree ferns or " Cyatheaceae " include 15 genera with a pantropical distribution of some 500 accepted species and some 1, 200 species yet to be assessed.
• The "'Cyatheaceae "'are the scaly tree fern family and include the world's tallest tree ferns, which reach heights up to 20 m.
• This bird is typically found from families as Asteraceae, Clusiaceae, Cyatheaceae, Melastomataceae, Rubiaceae and Winteraceae, and epiphytes of the Araceae ( e . g . " Anthurium " ) and Orchidaceae.
• Smith, Rothwell and Stockey ( 2003 ) state that " they represent the most ancient evidence for fertile structures of the Cyatheaceae and demonstrate that essentially modern species of cyatheaceous tree ferns had evolved by the Early Cretaceous ".
• Epiphytic species and many of the terrestrial ones have above-ground creeping stolons ( e . g ., Polypodiaceae ), and many groups have above-ground erect semi-woody trunks ( e . g ., Cyatheaceae ).
• Cyathea macarthurii " "'is a fern in the Cyatheaceae specific epithet honours Sir William Macarthur ( 1800 1882 ), horticulturalist, botanist and vigneron in New South Wales, who did much to establish an Australian wine industry.