epiboly การใช้

• The EVL, YSL, and DEL all undergo epiboly.
• Completion of epiboly requires the coordination of cytoskeletal changes across the embryo.
• Treating embryos with the actin destabilizer cytochalasin b results in delayed or arrested epiboly.
• Cartoon of a 4-hour post fertilization zebrafish embryo, before the initiation of epiboly
• The EVL also moves vegetally during epiboly, increasing its surface area as it spreads.
• Epiboly has been most extensively studied in zebrafish as their development allows for an easy visualization of the process.
• Epiboly in zebrafish is the first coordinated cell movement, and begins once the embryo has completed the blastula stage.
• "' Epiboly "'is a cell movement that occurs in the early embryo, at the same time as gastrulation.
• Once epiboly is complete, the DEL, EVL, and YSL have engulfed the yolk cell, forming a closure known as the blastopore.
• In addition to defining asymmetric axes in the adult organism, cell polarity also regulates both individual and collective cell movements during embryonic development such as apical constriction, invagination, and epiboly.
• Treating embryos with the microtubule depolymerizing agent nocodazole completely blocks epiboly of the YSL and partially blocks epiboly of the blastoderm, while treating with the microtubule stabilizing agent taxol blocks epiboly of all cell layers.
• Treating embryos with the microtubule depolymerizing agent nocodazole completely blocks epiboly of the YSL and partially blocks epiboly of the blastoderm, while treating with the microtubule stabilizing agent taxol blocks epiboly of all cell layers.
• Treating embryos with the microtubule depolymerizing agent nocodazole completely blocks epiboly of the YSL and partially blocks epiboly of the blastoderm, while treating with the microtubule stabilizing agent taxol blocks epiboly of all cell layers.
• It is thought that a network of filamentous actin in the yolk might constrict in a myosin-II dependent manner to close the blastopore at the end of epiboly, via a " purse-string mechanism ".
• Additionally, zebrafish embryos that fail to make a fully differentiated EVL show defects in epibolic movements of the DEL, EVL, and YSL, suggesting a requirement for a normal EVL for the epiboly of all three cell layers.
• Although gastrulation patterns exhibit enormous variation throughout the animal kingdom, they are unified by the five basic types of cell movements that occur during gastrulation : 1 ) invagination 2 ) involution 3 ) ingression 4 ) delamination 5 ) epiboly.
• During the process of gastrulation, a special type of cells called vegetal pole, which will become endoderm cells, is completely engulfed by the prospective ectoderm, as these top cells undergo epiboly, where the ectoderm cells divide in a way to form one layer.
• Studies on Fundulus demonstrated that the YSL is capable of undergoing epiboly even when the blastoderm has been removed, but that the blastoderm cannot undergo epiboly in the absence of the YSL . In zebrafish, there is a microtubule array in the yolk that extends from the animal to the vegetal pole of the embryo, and that contracts as epiboly progresses.
• Studies on Fundulus demonstrated that the YSL is capable of undergoing epiboly even when the blastoderm has been removed, but that the blastoderm cannot undergo epiboly in the absence of the YSL . In zebrafish, there is a microtubule array in the yolk that extends from the animal to the vegetal pole of the embryo, and that contracts as epiboly progresses.
• Studies on Fundulus demonstrated that the YSL is capable of undergoing epiboly even when the blastoderm has been removed, but that the blastoderm cannot undergo epiboly in the absence of the YSL . In zebrafish, there is a microtubule array in the yolk that extends from the animal to the vegetal pole of the embryo, and that contracts as epiboly progresses.