funicle การใช้

• Seeds are longitudinal, with the funicle expanded towards the seed.
• However, some funicles are complex and very mobile.
• Aperture is rhomboidal, channelled by the umbilical ridge, and with a gutter at the termination of the funicle.
• However, traditionally in working on wasps the funicle is taken to comprise the segments between the club and the pedicel.
• Because the funicle is without intrinsic muscles, it generally must move as a unit, in spite of being articulated.
• The insect manages such actions by changes in blood pressure, by which it exploits elasticity in walls and membranes in the funicles, which are in effect erectile.
• A scar also may remain on the seed coat, called the "'hilum "', where the seed was attached to the ovary wall by the funicle.
• The last ovule shape is called "'amphitropous "', where the ovule is partly inverted and turned back 90 degrees on its stalk ( the funicle or "'funiculus "').
• Quite commonly the funicle beyond the pedicel is quite complex in Endopterygota such as beetles, moths and Hymenoptera, and one common adaptation is the ability to fold the antenna in the middle, at the joint between the pedicel and the flagellum.
• Eulophids are separable from most other Chalcidoidea by the possession of only four tarsomeres on each leg, a small, straight protibial spur ( as opposed to the larger, curved one in most other chalcidoids ), and by antennae with two to four funicle segments and at most 10 antennomeres.
• "stamens united by filaments in an adaxially open tube; anthers alternately long and basifixed, short and versatile; anther connective inconspicuous; septa present between seeds in pods; aril lateral lobe present and fitting into heel of funicle; fine red glandular processes present in axils; and pollen tricolporate with opercula and no definite endoaperture ."
• Only three other modern mymarid genera ( " Boudiennyia ", " Eustochomorpha ", and " Borneomymar " ) share all the " M . aresconoides " characteristics of having forewing venation longer than half the wing length, five segments on the tarsi, and eight segments on the funicles . " M . aresconoides " is also unique among fairyflies in having three distinct segments on the palpi.