geraniales การใช้

• Most Geraniales are herbaceous, but there are also shrubs and small trees.
• The economic importance of Geraniales is low.
• "' Geraniaceae "'is a family of flowering plants placed in the order Geraniales.
• "' Geraniales "'are a small family in the order is Geraniaceae with over 800 species.
• Additionally the fruit type of Limnanthaceae, a schizocarpic nutlet, is unlike anything in the Geraniales most of which produce capsules.
• A relationship with Caryophyllales, was formerly suggested; but morphology ( S-plastids ) and chemistry are close to Geraniales.
• The family circumscription of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group ( APG ) of 1998 placed Geraniales Dumort . amongst the rosids with the following six families:
• This leaves the order Geraniales with only two families : Geraniaceae and Francoaceae ( including Bersamaceae, Greyiaceae, Ledocarpaceae, Melianthaceae, Rhynchothecaceae and Vivianiaceae ).
• The Oxalidaceae were placed in the Geraniales, and the Elaeocarpaceae split between the Malvales and Polygalales, in the latter case being treated as the Tremandraceae.
• They concluded that there is nothing in the morphology to suggest a relationship to the Coriariaceae ( suggested by Chatin in 1856 ), Geraniales or the Sapindales ( " sensu"
• A number of studies over the years have noted various morphological, developmental and embryological characters at variance with the Geraniales ( as well as other groups to which Limnanthaceae have been assigned ).
• Meanwhile, he prepared a thesis on the cytotaxonomy of the Geraniales, on the strength of which he was made a research fellow of Trinity in 1933 and was awarded his PhD in 1937.
• Hutchinson ( 1973 ), proposed that Limnanthaceae should be included in Geraniales, but its similarity to Caryophyllales ( which he believed is derived from Geraniales ) suggested that Limnanthaceae form a link between these two groups.
• Hutchinson ( 1973 ), proposed that Limnanthaceae should be included in Geraniales, but its similarity to Caryophyllales ( which he believed is derived from Geraniales ) suggested that Limnanthaceae form a link between these two groups.
• The Phylocode definition includes Crossosomatales, Geraniales, Myrtales, Fabidae ( Celastrales, Cucurbitales, Fabales, Fagales, Huaceae, Oxalidales, Malpighiales, Rosales and Zygophyllales ), Malvidae ( Brassicales, Huerteales, Malvales, and Sapindales ) as they are defined in the APG III system.
• Most recent authors of taxonomic treatises have maintained the family Limnanthaceae but placed it in the order Geraniales, including Thorne ( 1976 ) Cronquist ( 1988 ), who nevertheless states that Limnanthaceae are, " without . . . obvious affinities . . . " and Takhtajan ( 1980 ).
• Maheshwari and Johri ( 1956 ) conducted an extensive investigation of the morphology of " Floerkea " noting that, among other things, the herbaceous habit, gynobasic style, unusual type of tetrasporic embryo sac and basal parietal placentation of the unitegmic, tenuinucellate ovules differ from the Geraniales which has among its woody to herbaceous members, ( at most ) lobed syncarpous gynoecia, monosporic embryo sacs, generally axile placentation and bitegmic, crassinucellate ovules.