granulosum การใช้

• They are found in the stratum granulosum ( granular layer ) of the epidermis.
• Usually the calcium level is very low in stratum corneum, but high in stratum granulosum.
• He investigated the biochemical processes of the skin and was the first to describe the stratum granulosum.
• Keratinization is the differentiation of keratinocytes in the stratum granulosum into nonvital surface cells or squames to form the stratum corneum.
• The cells in the stratum granulosum do not divide, but instead form skin cells called keratinocytes from the granules of keratin.
• Located between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum layers, it is composed of three to five layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes.
• Involucrin is synthesised in the stratum spinosum and cross linked in the stratum granulosum by the transglutaminase enzyme that makes it highly stable.
• Histology of Bullous Impetigo through H & E . The cleavage plane can be found either subcorneal or within the upper stratum granulosum.
• In the stratum granulosum, the " grainy " third layer of the human nuclei and other organelles then disintegrate, and the cells die.
• The dermal papillae may be exposed after top layers of the dermis ( stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum and stratum basale ) have been removed.
• They are surrounded by an oily substance that is the result of the exocytosis of lamellar bodies accumulated while the keratinocytes are moving through the stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum.
• In the proteolytic processing to yield individual filaggrin monomers at the transition between the stratum granulosum and the stratum corneum, which may be facilitated by calcium-dependent enzymes.
• Exfoliatins are glutamate-specific serine proteases highly specific to the cadherin desmoglein I, an adhesion protein in the desmosomes of the stratum granulosum that facilitates intracelluar adhesion between keratinocytes.
• Once the permeability barrier is disrupted an influx of water occurs in the stratum corneum, which in turn increases the calcium levels in the stratum corneum but decreases it in the stratum granulosum.
• From the site of production, lamellar bodies migrate to the top of the stratum granulosum and then into the intercellular domain of the stratum corneum to extrude their contents, which are predominantly lipids.
• Thick epidermis in the soles and palms consists of five strata; from outer to inner, they are : the stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale.
• In humans, we don't see this metamorphosis because it occurs during embryonic development, during the formation of the stratum granulosum ( the outer layer our skin forms to toughen and waterproof it against the air ).
• During this differentiation process, keratinocytes permanently withdraw from the cell cycle, initiate expression of epidermal differentiation markers, and move suprabasally as they become part of the stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum and eventually become corneocytes in the stratum corneum.
• The epidermis can be further subdivided into the following " strata " ( beginning with the outermost layer ) : corneum, lucidum ( only in palms of hands and bottoms of feet ), granulosum, spinosum, basale.
• The cerebellar cortex is the thin gray surface layer of the cerebellum, consisting of an outer molecular layer or stratum moleculare, a single layer of Purkinje cells ( the ganglionic layer ), and an inner granular layer or stratum granulosum.