hydrochlorofluorocarbons การใช้

• It belongs to the hydrochlorofluorocarbon family ( HCFC ).
• Subsequent accords banned the production of the interim substitute, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, after 2020.
• It is a hydrochlorofluorocarbon ( HCFC ).
• Later models use another refrigerant, R-134a, a less harmful hydrochlorofluorocarbon that is not banned.
• Heating and cooling systems operate on non-hydrochlorofluorocarbon refrigerants to comply with the Montreal Protocol on preserving atmospheric ozone.
• They are alternatives to hydrofluorocarbon ( HFC ), hydrochlorofluorocarbon ( HCFC ) and chlorofluorocarbon ( CFC ) based refrigerants.
• HFCs were developed in the 1990s to substitute substances such as chlorofluorocarbons ( CFCs ) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs ).
• Compounds containing C H bonds ( such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons, or HCFCs ) have been designed to replace CFCs in certain applications.
• The Commission also hoped to accelerate the EU plan to phase out emissions of hydrochlorofluorocarbons in the 15-nation union by 2015.
• However, the hydrochlorofluorocarbons, or HCFCs, and hydrofluorocarbons, or HFCs, are now thought to contribute to anthropogenic global warming.
• To some extent, CFCs were being replaced by the less damaging hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs ), although concerns remain regarding HCFCs also.
• The hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs ) are less stable in the lower atmosphere, enabling them to break down before reaching the ozone layer.
• Hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs ) and hydrofluorocarbons ( HFCs ) now serve as replacements for CFC refrigerants; few were commercially manufactured before 1990.
• The interim replacements for CFCs are hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs ), which deplete stratospheric ozone, but to a much lesser extent than CFCs.
• Fluorine continued to play a role in refrigeration though : hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs ) and hydrofluorocarbons ( HFCs ) were developed as replacement refrigerants.
• Several classes of widely used haloalkanes are classified in this way chlorofluorocarbons ( CFCs ), hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs ) and hydrofluorocarbons ( HFCs ).
• The substitute chemical used by the four, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, or HCFCs, also damage the ozone, although not as severely as CFC's.
• On 21 September 2007, approximately 200 countries agreed to accelerate the elimination of hydrochlorofluorocarbons entirely by 2020 in a United Nations-sponsored Montreal summit.
• They said the Commission also hoped to accelerate the EU's current plan to phase out emissions of hydrochlorofluorocarbons in the 15-nation union by 2015.
• After CFCs were banned in the 1980s, they were replaced with substances such as hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs ), which are ozone-depleting substances and hydrofluorocarbons ( HFCs ).