myofiber การใช้

• KLF15 upregulates the expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligases SMuRF1 genes and negatively modulates myofiber size.
• In the muscle, Baf60c promotes a switch from oxidative to glycolytic myofiber type through DEPTOR-mediated Akt / PKB signaling.
• Changes in lean body mass and muscle volume are paralleled by a concomitant decrease in myofiber cross-sectional area ( CSA ).
• The term " myofibril " should not be confused with " myofiber ", which is a simply another name for a muscle cell.
• Tissues were well preserved, except for myofiber damage at the injection site, which means this technique is generally suitable for histology research.
• A recent review by Greenberg ( 2009 ) discusses the " limitations in the beta-amyloid-mediated theory of IBM myofiber injury ."
• To obtain myofiber biomechanical and morphological data from Space Shuttle crewmembers, biopsies were conducted once before flight ( L-> 21 days ) and again on landing day ( R + 0 ).
• After 17 days of spaceflight or bed rest, no significant measurable changes occurred in maximal isometric calf strength, force-velocity characteristics, myofiber composition, or volume in the calf muscles studied.
• Variations in myosin cycling kinetics and contractile properties as a result of differential MLC-2v phosphorylation ( Ser14 / 15 ) influence both epicardial and endocardial myofiber tension development and recovery to control cardiac torsion and myofiber strain mechanics.
• Variations in myosin cycling kinetics and contractile properties as a result of differential MLC-2v phosphorylation ( Ser14 / 15 ) influence both epicardial and endocardial myofiber tension development and recovery to control cardiac torsion and myofiber strain mechanics.
• More recent muscle biopsy studies have indicated that despite consistent decreases in myofiber CSA in the m . soleus and m . gastrocnemius after spaceflight, MHC expression does not seem to shift, as was previously described by Zhou et al.
• However, at present no consistent relationship is apparent between the degree of muscle atrophy ( measured by MRI or myofiber CSA determination after muscle biopsy ) and the reported changes in muscle strength and function, although typically loss in muscle strength exceeds the loss in muscle volume.
• With surgery, results are seen in a few days . After bupivacaine injection the muscle is inactivated by the drug s anesthetic effect for a day, and weakened by myofiber destruction for a week or so, after which regeneration and hypertrophy over 2 3 weeks gradually achieves the corrected alignment.
• Studies suggests that mechanisms involved in the prompt sequestering of Ca2 + ( sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2 +-reuptake proteins, plasma membrane pumps, and cytosolic Ca2 +-buffering proteins ) are particularly elevated in laryngeal muscles, indicating their importance for the myofiber function and protection against disease, such as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.
• Thus, it is apparent that skeletal muscle fibers of humans, monkeys, and rodents share similar patterns of myofiber alterations that, in the case of monkeys and humans, are also linked to altered motor performance in response to different states of unloading, reduced usage, and return to an Earth gravitational environment.
• In contrast to these findings, analysis of needle biopsy samples from cosmonauts, conducted by the Institute for Biomedical Problems after 76-and 180-day flights, indicated a large degree of individual variation in the extent of myofiber atrophy, with the decrease in myofiber CSA ranging from about 4 % to 20 %.
• In contrast to these findings, analysis of needle biopsy samples from cosmonauts, conducted by the Institute for Biomedical Problems after 76-and 180-day flights, indicated a large degree of individual variation in the extent of myofiber atrophy, with the decrease in myofiber CSA ranging from about 4 % to 20 %.
• In general, Type II myofibers seem to be more likely to atrophy than do Type I myofibers during short-term unloading, with no significant myofiber type shifting being observed, However, prolonged bed rest ( greater than 80 days ) does significantly change the number of MHC hybrid fibers observed in the soleus muscle.
• Again, the decreases in muscle volume and myofiber CSA observed in these ground-based analogs of spaceflight bring about changes in the neuronal-activation patterns of the unloaded muscles, including decreased electrically evoked maximal force, reduced maximal integrated electromyography, Certainly such decreases in the neural drive in unloaded muscle play a role in the atrophic response.
• First, loss of muscle mass is most prevalent in the antigravity muscles such as the soleus; second, the atrophic response to short-term spaceflight does not seem to be specific to myofiber type; and third, myosin heavy chain ( MHC ) isoform expression does not seem to shift from Type I MHC to Type II during short ( < 18-day ) spaceflights.