neuromyelitis การใช้

• Most patients are seronegative for NMO-IgG and GFAP, biomarkers for neuromyelitis optica.
• Today this disorder is referred to as Devic's disease or neuromyelitis optica ( NMO ).
• This measure can be used to predict disease activity and to establish a differential diagnosis from Neuromyelitis optica
• Other diseases in this group are neuromyelitis optica ( NMO ), Balo concentric sclerosis and Marburg multiple sclerosis.
• Devic's disease is now studied along a collection of similar diseases called " Neuromyelitis optica spectrum diseases ".
• Some of them are idiopathic and for some others the cause has been found, like some cases of neuromyelitis optica.
• Balo lesions have been reported alone, but also associated to standard multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, CADASIL and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
• H?suffers from neuromyelitis optica, in which a person's own immune system attacks the optic nerves and spinal cord.
• Nevertheless, this model is questioned by recent reports that found astrocyte damage, similar to the one found in aquaporin-seropositive neuromyelitis optica.
• Brain lesions associated with a clinically isolated syndrome may be indicative of several neurological diseases, like multiple sclerosis ( MS ) or Neuromyelitis optica.
• Demyelinating Diseases of the central nervous system, such as Neuromyelitis Optica, often leads to molecular components of the panglial syncytium being compromised, which leads to blocking of potassium spatial buffering.
• The repetition of an idiopathic optic neuritis is considered a distinct clinical condition, and when it shows demyelination, it has been found to be associated to anti-MOG and AQP4-negative neuromyelitis optica
• For example, neuromyelitis optica, formerly considered a kind of MS, was separated in 2006 with the discovery of AQP4-IgG, and currently a second variant has been separated, antiMOG associated encephalomyelitis.
• Sinclair C, Kirk J, Herron B, Fitzgerald U, McQuaid S . Absence of aquaporin-4 expression in lesions of neuromyelitis optica but increased expression in multiple sclerosis lesions and normal-appearing white matter.
• Tooth Abscess in upper jaw, syphilis, Lyme disease, herpes zoster ), autoimmune disorders ( e . g . lupus, neurosarcoidosis, neuromyelitis optica ), Pinch in Optic Nerve, Methanol poisoning, B12 deficiency and diabetes.
• The collection of these condition has been named " neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders " ( NMSD ) and they are expected to respond to the same treatments as standard NMO . Some authors propose to use the name " autoimmune aquaporin-4 channelopathy " for these diseases,
• An open-label study is investigating the effects of eculizumab in patients with neuromyelitis optica, a complement-mediated inflammatory disease of the brain tissues that can potentiate immune attack on the brain, optic nerves ( leading to Optic neuritis ), spinal cord ( causing Transverse myelitis ).
• Recently, AQP4 has been found to distinguish standard multiple sclerosis from neuromyelitis optica, but as MS is a heterogeneous condition, and some MS cases are reported to be Kir4.1 channelopathies ( autoimmunity against the potassium channels ) it is still possible to consider NMO as part of the MS spectrum.
• From there, the company began adding other communities for other life-changing conditions, including multiple sclerosis ( MS ), Parkinson's disease, fibromyalgia, HIV, chronic fatigue syndrome, mood disorders, epilepsy, organ transplantation, progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple system atrophy, and Devic's disease ( neuromyelitis optica ).
• Patients with severe forms of more common relapsing remitting or progressive MS subtypes, as well as rare Marburg variant and Balo concentric sclerosis, could be considered to have malignant MS . Patients should be carefully worked up to rule out Neuromyelitis optica ( Devic's disease ) due to the distinctive pathophysiology and management strategies of this disease.