novatian การใช้

• During this period the church was governed by several priests, including Novatian.
• Novatian fled during a period of persecutions, and may have been a martyr.
• They always had a successor of Novatian at Rome, and everywhere they were governed by bishops.
• Novatian wrote two letters during the persecution in the name of the Roman clergy to Saint Cyprian.
• Those who supported athe more rigorist position had Novatian consecrated bishop and refused to recognize Cornelius as Bishop of Rome.
• Because Novatianists ( including Novatian ) did not submit to the bishop of Rome, they were labeled by Rome as schismatics.
• He was highly esteemed by Cyprian; Novatian refers to his " nobilissima memoriae ", and he corresponded with Origen.
• Novatian was very angry not only that he was not elected pope, but that someone who did not believe in rebaptism was.
• The story's significance is unclear; Novatian may have been avoiding being an active priest to dedicate himself to an ascetic lifestyle.
• Pope Cornelius, in a letter to Fabius of Antioch, states that a catechumen called Novatian was possessed by Satan for a whole season.
• Novatian should not be confused with one Novatus, a priest of Carthage, who advocated re-admitting the " lapsi " without an enforced penance.
• However, Novatian was aware of his intellectual superiority to Cornelius and still found supporters among Christians still in prison, such as Maximus, Urbanus and Nicostratus.
• Very ancient tradition, however, represents the Saint Cyprian and Pope Stephen I, in 254, regarding the Novatian tendencies of Marcian, Bishop of Arles.
• In any case, it must be borne in mind that the main source for Novatian is Pope Cornelius, who had reasons to attack his enemy and antagonist.
• Meanwhile, in October 251, Cornelius had called a council of 60 bishops ( probably all those from Italy and the neighbouring territories ) in which Novatian was excommunicated.
• At the same time, the rigorist party in Rome, who refused reconciliation to any of the lapsed, elected Novatian as bishop of Rome, in opposition to Pope Cornelius.
• In opposition to Novatian's teaching, Dionysius ordered that the Eucharist should be refused to no one who asked it at the hour of death, even those who had previously lapsed.
• Faustin denounces the excesses of Marcian, first bishop of Arles, which followed the heresy of Novatian, refusing to forgive Christians who repented after rejecting the Church during the persecution of Diocletian.