ophthalmoparesis การใช้

• Intoxication with certain substances, such as phenytoin, can also cause ophthalmoparesis.
• Thiamine deficiency can cause ophthalmoparesis in susceptible persons; this is part of the syndrome called Wernicke encephalopathy.
• Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy ( MNGIE ) is an ptosis, ophthalmoparesis, peripheral neuropathy, and hearing loss.
• Notably, the ophthalmoparesis experienced by these patients mainly concerns voluntary eye movement and the inability to make vertical saccades which is often worse with downward saccades.
• The eyes are particularly affected; the muscles that control the eyes become weak, paralyzed, or uncontrollable in conditions called ophthalmoparesis ( weakness or paralysis ) and nystagmus ( involuntary eye movements ).
• When used without qualifiers, it usually refers to the limbs, but it can also be used to describe the muscles of the eyes ( ophthalmoparesis ), the stomach ( gastroparesis ), and also the vocal cords ( Vocal cord paresis ).
• "' Ophthalmoparesis "'or "'ophthalmoplegia "'refers to weakness (-paresis ) or paralysis (-plegia ) of one or more extraocular muscles which are responsible for neurologic, ophthalmologic, and endocrine disease.