osteonectin การใช้

• Osteonectin is a glycoprotein in the bone that binds calcium.
• Osteonectin also shows affinity for collagen in addition to bone mineral calcium.
• The best characterized of these bone proteins is osteonectin.
• Osteonectin is also detectable in osteoid, bone matrix proper, and dentin.
• A correlation between osteonectin over-expression and ampullary cancers and chronic pancreatitis has been found.
• A novel myokine Osteonectin, or SPARC, plays a vital role in bone mineralization, cell-matrix interactions, and collagen binding.
• High levels of immunodetectable osteonectin are found in active osteoblasts and marrow progenitor cells, odontoblasts, periodontal ligament and gingival cells, and some chondrocytes and hypertrophic chondrocytes.
• Osteonectin can be classed as a myokine, as it was found that even a single bout of exercise increased its expression and secretion in skeletal muscle in both mice and humans.
• Osteofibrous dysplasia may also be mistaken for fibrous dysplasia of bone, although osteofibrous dysplasia is more likely to show an immunohistochemical reaction to osteonectin, neurofibromin, and S-100 protein.
• The organic part of bone is about 20 % of the dry weight, and counts in, other than osteopontin, collagen type I, osteocalcin, osteonectin, bone sialo protein, and alkaline phosphatase.
• Osteonectin has been localized in a variety of tissues, but is found in greatest abundance in osseous tissue, tissues characterized by high turnover ( such as intestinal epithelium ), basement membranes, and certain neoplasms.
• Osteonectin is expressed by a wide variety of cells, including chondrocytes, fibroblasts, platelets, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, luteal cells, adrenal cortical cells, and numerous neoplastic cell lines ( such as SaOS-2 cells from human osteosarcoma ).
• For insects, it's not so clear . . . but put it this way : fruit flies need a protein called osteonectin or SPARC which binds calcium and has a role in membranes that can define bones [ http : / / www . ncbi . nlm . nih . gov / pubmed / 11976950 to assemble their ventral nerve cords with collagen which are the equivalent of vertebrate dorsal nerve cords i . e . spinal columns, which also need it for this purpose . [ http : / / www . ncbi . nlm . nih . gov / pubmed / 16545530 Now this doesn't mean that caterpillars have a spine, but it gives us a hint that the differences aren't really as big as we might imagine when we just look at their outer structure.