ostiary การใช้

• An ostiary of the church of Salona is also mentioned in an epitaph.
• This is shown by the epitaph of one Ursatius, an ostiary of Trier.
• In Western Europe the office of the ostiary was the lowest grade of the minor clergy.
• All the orders except the minor order of ostiary are enumerated by the early African writers.
• According to the statement of the " Liber Pontificalis ", an ostiary named Romanus suffered martyrdom in 258 at the same time as St . Lawrence.
• In a law of 377 of the " Codex Theodosianus " intended for the Vicariate of Italy, the ostiaries are also mentioned among the clergy who have a right to personal immunity.
• In Latin Western Europe, outside of Rome, in the late Roman era and the one following, the ostiaries were still actually employed as guardians of the church buildings and of their contents.
• When, from the end of the second century, the Christian communities began to own houses for holding church services and for purposes of administration, church ostiaries are soon mentioned, at least for the larger cities.
• Later, however, in the Latin Church the office of ostiary universally remained only one of the degrees of ordination and the actual work of the ostiary was transferred to the laity ( sacristans, sextons, etc . ).
• Later, however, in the Latin Church the office of ostiary universally remained only one of the degrees of ordination and the actual work of the ostiary was transferred to the laity ( sacristans, sextons, etc . ).
• For the Gallican Rite, short statements concerning the ordination of the lower orders, among them that of the ostiaries, are found in the " Statuta ecclesi?antiqua " a collection of canons which appeared at Arles about the beginning of the sixth century.
• They are first referred to in the letter of Pope Cornelius to Bishop Fabius of Antioch written in 251, where it is said that there were then at Rome 46 priests, 7 deacons, 7 subdeacons, 42 acolytes, and 52 exorcists, lectors, and ostiaries, or doorkeepers.
• In the ordination of ostiaries their duties are thus enumerated in the Pontifical : " Percutere cymbalum et campanam, aperire ecclesiam et sacrarium, et librum ei aperire qui pr鎑icat " ( to ring the bell, to open the church and sacristy, to open the book for the preacher ).
• In the Latin Church before 1972, tonsure admitted someone to the clerical state, after which he could receive the four minor orders ( ostiary, lectorate, order of exorcists, order of acolytes ) and then the major orders of Eastern Catholic, or " Uniate ", Churches have what are called " minor clerics ".
• In his letter of 11 March, 494, to the bishops of southern Italy and Sicily, Pope Gelasius says that for admission into the clergy it was necessary that the candidate could read ( must, therefore, have a certain amount of education ), for without this prerequisite an applicant could, at the most, only fill the office of an ostiary.
• According to these the ostiaries are first instructed in their duties by the archdeacon; after this he brings them before the bishop who takes the keys of the church from the altar and hands them to the candidate for ordination with the words : " Fulfil thine office to show that thou knowest that thou wilt give account to God concerning the things that are locked away under these keys . " Then follows a prayer for the candidate and a prayer for the occasion that the bishop pronounces over him.