paramorfan การใช้

• Paramorfan is the trade name of dihydromorphine from another manufacturer, as is Paracodin, for dihydrocodeine.
• The brand name "'Numorphan "'is derived by analogy to the Nucodan name for an oxycodone product ( or vice versa ) as well as Paramorphan / Paramorfan for dihydromorphine and Paracodin ( dihydrocodeine ).
• Dihydromorphine occurs in trace quantities in assays of opium on occasion, as does dihydrocodeine, dihydrothebaine, tetrahydrothebaine, etc . The process for manufacturing dihydromorphine from morphine for pharmaceutical use was developed in Germany in the late 19th Century, with the synthesis being published in 1900 and the drug introduced clinically as Paramorfan shortly thereafter.
• The clandestine conversion of morphine to ketones of the hydromorphone class or other derivatives like dihydromorphine ( Paramorfan ), desomorphine ( Permonid ), metopon, etc . and codeine to hydrocodone ( Dicodid ), dihydrocodeine ( Paracodin ), etc . is more involved, time-consuming, requires lab equipment of various types, and usually requires expensive catalysts and large amounts of morphine at the outset and is less common but still has been discovered by authorities in various ways during the last 20 years or so.