pontil การใช้

• This mark is the result of removing the pontil rod.
• The pontil, a solid rod, attaches to the bottom of the glass.
• All opaline glass is hand-blown and has a rough or polished pontil on the bottom.
• Older Quimper pieces often will have pontil marks, three points in the clay where the piece was supported in the kiln.
• Before the mid-1800s blowing on the tip of long rod ( pontil ) was the main way for shaping molten glass.
• Even after the pontil rod was replaced by assorted clamping mechanisms known as  snap cases, many bottles were still being created in the same interesting molds and sold in huge quantities annually.
• In the center of the base was the telltale ground pontil-- a marking left by the glass-making rod-- and along the edge was an engraved-by-hand signature.
• They are thick similar to today's shot glasses but will show a pontil scar on the bottom or will show a cupped area on the bottom where the pontil scar was ground and polished off.
• They are thick similar to today's shot glasses but will show a pontil scar on the bottom or will show a cupped area on the bottom where the pontil scar was ground and polished off.
• Streamers are prepared from very hot molten glass, gathered at the end of a punty ( pontil ) that is rapidly swung back and forth and stretched into long, thin strings that rapidly cool and harden.
• The decades just prior to the absence of pontil rods from bottle-glass making were a time when endless variations pertaining to shape, size, style, color and embossing were being produced regularly in an unprecedented quantity.
• Recovered glass artifacts included basal fragments of bottles bearing pre-1860 pontil scars, dark olive or " black " glass, canning jar fragments, and a considerable amount of the sun-colored amethyst glass characteristic of the period 1880-1914.
• In the case of mold-blown work, where no pontil is used during manufacture, the term has also come to apply to marks impressed in the base of the work where the pontil scar would have been had it been free blown.
• In the case of mold-blown work, where no pontil is used during manufacture, the term has also come to apply to marks impressed in the base of the work where the pontil scar would have been had it been free blown.
• Sealing methods include metal discs covered with a glass round or a cork inserted into the unpolished pontil scar . " Mercury " silvered glass was produced originally from around 1840 until at least 1930 in Bohemia ( now the Czech Republic ), Germany and also manufactured in England from 1849 to 1855.