prostanoids การใช้

• Sunburn causes an inflammation process, including production of prostanoids and bradykinin.
• The reaction was discovered as part of a synthetic route to certain prostanoids.
• Endothelin and prostanoids cause vasoconstriction in placental arteries, while nitric oxide causes vasodilation.
• The three classes of prostanoids have distinctive rings in the center of the molecule.
• Szekeres L . Pharmacological induction of delayed and prolonged cardiac protection : The role of prostanoids.
• Typically, prosanoid receptors show somewhat less affinity and responsiveness to the 1 and 3 series prostanoids.
• In general, receptors for the series 2 prostaonids also bind with and respond to the series 1 and 3 prostanoids.
• Various vasoactive agents, such as prostanoids, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and endothelin antagonists, are approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
• These metabolites contain two double bonds and are named series 2 prostanoids, i . e . PGD2, PGE2, PGF2?, PGI2, TXA2 and PGH2.
• This is in marked contrast with the analogous metabolites of arachidonic acid ( AA ), which are the series-2 thromboxanes and prostanoids and the series-4 leukotrienes.
• In addition to inhibition of actions of prostanoids, TP receptor antagonism has been shown to prevent increased airway reactivity to allergens, B 4, bradykinin, endothelin, endotoxin, and ozone.
• In addition, these cells can produce a number of pro-inflammatory signalling molecules, especially IL-8, prostanoids and matrix metalloproteinases ( MMPs ), which may directly affect other cells and also participate in the inflammation enhancement.
• Sulprostone ( as well as other prostanoids receptor agonists ) is in use for inducting medical abortion and ending pregnancy after fetal death; for the treatment of severe atonic postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery; and for removal of the placenta in patients with retained placenta.
• Metabolism of eicosapentaenoic acid to HEPEs, leukotrienes, prostanoids, and epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids as well as the metabolism of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid to prostanoids and mead acid to 5 ( S )-hydroxy-6E, 8Z, 11Z-eicosatrienoic acid ( 5-HETrE ), 5-oxo-6, 8, 11-eicosatrienoic acid ( 5-oxo-ETrE ), LTA3, and LTC3 involve the same enzymatic pathways that make their arachidonic acid-derived analogs.
• Metabolism of eicosapentaenoic acid to HEPEs, leukotrienes, prostanoids, and epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids as well as the metabolism of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid to prostanoids and mead acid to 5 ( S )-hydroxy-6E, 8Z, 11Z-eicosatrienoic acid ( 5-HETrE ), 5-oxo-6, 8, 11-eicosatrienoic acid ( 5-oxo-ETrE ), LTA3, and LTC3 involve the same enzymatic pathways that make their arachidonic acid-derived analogs.
• "' Prostaglandin E 2 receptor 2 "'( 53kDa ), also known as "'EP 2 "', is a prostaglandin receptor for prostaglandin E2 ( PGE 2 ) encoded by the human gene "'PTGER2 "': it is one of four identified EP receptors, the others being EP 1, EP 3, and EP 4, which bind with and mediate cellular responses to PGE 2 and also, but with with lesser affinity and responsiveness, certain other prostanoids ( see Prostaglandin receptors ).
• However, the same enzymes that metabolize arachidonic acid to series 2 prostanoids similarly metabolize two other straight chain PUFAs : they metabolize gamma-Linolenic acid, which has one less double bond than arachidonic acid, to series 1 prostanoids ( PGD1, PGE1, etc . ), which have one less double bond than the series 2 prostanoids, and they metabolize eicosapentaenoic acid, which has one more double bond than arachidonic acid, to series 3 prostanoids ( PGD3, PGE3, etc . ), which have one more double bond than the series 2 prostanoids.
• However, the same enzymes that metabolize arachidonic acid to series 2 prostanoids similarly metabolize two other straight chain PUFAs : they metabolize gamma-Linolenic acid, which has one less double bond than arachidonic acid, to series 1 prostanoids ( PGD1, PGE1, etc . ), which have one less double bond than the series 2 prostanoids, and they metabolize eicosapentaenoic acid, which has one more double bond than arachidonic acid, to series 3 prostanoids ( PGD3, PGE3, etc . ), which have one more double bond than the series 2 prostanoids.
• However, the same enzymes that metabolize arachidonic acid to series 2 prostanoids similarly metabolize two other straight chain PUFAs : they metabolize gamma-Linolenic acid, which has one less double bond than arachidonic acid, to series 1 prostanoids ( PGD1, PGE1, etc . ), which have one less double bond than the series 2 prostanoids, and they metabolize eicosapentaenoic acid, which has one more double bond than arachidonic acid, to series 3 prostanoids ( PGD3, PGE3, etc . ), which have one more double bond than the series 2 prostanoids.
• However, the same enzymes that metabolize arachidonic acid to series 2 prostanoids similarly metabolize two other straight chain PUFAs : they metabolize gamma-Linolenic acid, which has one less double bond than arachidonic acid, to series 1 prostanoids ( PGD1, PGE1, etc . ), which have one less double bond than the series 2 prostanoids, and they metabolize eicosapentaenoic acid, which has one more double bond than arachidonic acid, to series 3 prostanoids ( PGD3, PGE3, etc . ), which have one more double bond than the series 2 prostanoids.