saltationism การใช้

• The advocates of saltationism deny the Darwinian idea of slowly and gradually growing divergence of character as the only source of evolutionary progress.
• In the 19th and early 20th centuries, variations of Lamarckism, orthogenesis ('progressive'evolution ), and saltationism ( evolution by jumps ) were discussed as alternatives.
• Mutationism ( saltationism ), along with Lamarckism and orthogenesis, are presented as anti-Darwinian " blind alleys " separate from the main line leading from Darwin to the present.
• Sewall Wright also wrote Willis believed evolution was not the result of chance but working upon some definite law that we do not yet comprehend and that he was a proponent of saltationism.
• Not just Nei, but authors such as Eugene Koonin argue that gene duplications and fusions, genome doublings, gene transfers, and other events common in molecular evolution are discontinuous changes whose importance supports a saltationism view and counts against Darwinism.
• The range of evolutionary theories during " the eclipse of Darwinism " included forms of " saltationism " in which new species were thought to arise through " jumps " rather than gradual adaptation, forms of orthogenesis claiming that species had an inherent tendency to change in a particular direction, and forms of neo-Lamarckism in which inheritance of acquired characteristics led to progress.