sofc การใช้

• SOFC systems can run on fuels other than pure hydrogen gas.
• Challenges exist in SOFC systems due to their high operating temperatures.
• These processes add to the cost and complexity of SOFC systems.
• The chemical reactions for the SOFC system can be expressed as follows:
• Ohmic losses in an SOFC result from ionic conductivity through the electrolyte.
• Fuel cells are characterized by their electrolyte material; the SOFC has a solid oxide or ceramic electrolyte.
• The issue with using landfill gas to fuel an SOFC system is that landfill gas contains hydrogen sulfide.
• Most of these CHP systems are PEMFC based ( 85 % ) and the remaining are SOFC systems.
• Another disadvantage of SOFC systems is slow start-up time, making SOFCs less useful for mobile applications.
• SOFC stacks with planar geometry require in the order of an hour to be heated to light-off temperature.
• This manufacturing technique would allow SOFC cell structure to be more flexible, which could lead to more efficient designs.
• A high-temperature SOFC will generate all of the needed electricity to allow the engine to be smaller and more efficient.
• Theoretically, the combination of the SOFC and gas turbine can give result in high overall ( electrical and thermal ) efficiency.
• The technology uses heat to reform ethanol into hydrogen to feed what is known as a solid oxide fuel cell ( SOFC ).
• However, as the lower limit of SOFC operating temperature is approached ( ~ 600 癈 ), these polarizations do become important.
• Bi 2 O 3 has also been used as sintering additive in the Sc 2 O 3-doped zirconia system for intermediate temperature SOFC.
• 3D printing is being explored as a possible manufacturing technique that could be used to make SOFC manufacturing easier by the Shah Lab at Northwestern University.
• Additionally, waste heat from SOFC systems may be captured and reused, increasing the theoretical overall efficiency to as high as 80 %  85 %.
• For example, the maximum theoretical efficiency of an SOFC using CO as a fuel increases from 63 % at 900 癈 to 81 % at 350 癈.
• Specifically, Delphi Automotive Systems are developing an SOFC that will power auxiliary units in automobiles and tractor-trailers, while BMW has recently stopped a similar project.