stemmatic การใช้

• The stemmatic method requires the textual critic to group manuscripts by commonality of error.
• The Hodges Farstad edition of the Greek New Testament attempts to use stemmatics for some portions.
• The stemmatic method assumes that each witness is derived from one, and only one, predecessor.
• The critic Joseph B閐ier ( 1864 1938 ) launched a particularly withering attack on stemmatics in 1928.
• There are three fundamental approaches to textual criticism : eclecticism, stemmatics, and copy-text editing.
• Lastly, the stemmatic method assumes that every extant witness is derived, however remotely, from a single source.
• Textual criticism uses a number of specialized methodologies, including eclecticism, stemmatics, copy-text editing and cladistics.
• In the stemmatic method, a manuscript that is derived from more than one source is said to be " contaminated ".
• In fact, the other techniques can be seen as special cases of stemmatics in which a rigorous family history of the text cannot be determined but only approximated.
• He surveyed editions of medieval French texts that were produced with the stemmatic method, and found that textual critics tended overwhelmingly to produce trees divided into just two branches.
• The French critic Joseph B閐ier likewise became disenchanted with the stemmatic method, and concluded that the editor should choose the best available text, and emend it as little as possible.
• Textual criticism or stemmatics : Cladistic methods have been used to reconstruct the phylogeny of manuscripts of the same work ( and reconstruct the lost original ) using distinctive copying errors as apomorphies.
• The stemmatic method's final step is " emendatio ", also sometimes referred to as " conjectural emendation . " But in fact, the critic employs conjecture at every step of the process.
• Stemmatics and copy-text editing  while both eclectic, in that they permit the editor to select readings from multiple sources  sought to reduce subjectivity by establishing one or a few witnesses presumably as being favored by " objective " criteria.
• Professor David Dumville, enquiring into the stemmatics of the recensions ( he has published the Vatican version, ), has branded the Nennian preface ( " Prefatio Nennii " ) a late forgery, Dumville's view is largely accepted by current scholarship, though not without its detractors.
• Her publications address technical matters of music theory, techniques of counterpoint, analysis, musica ficta, text-setting, and other issues that bridge notation and performance in early music, descriptions of new sources, aspects of musical transmission, stemmatics, and manuscript studies, interfaces with literary, historical and biographical questions.
• The bibliographer Ronald B . McKerrow introduced the term " copy-text " in his 1904 edition of the works of Thomas Nashe, defining it as " the text used in each particular case as the basis of mine . " McKerrow was aware of the limitations of the stemmatic method, and believed it was more prudent to choose one particular text that was thought to be particularly reliable, and then to emend it only where the text was obviously corrupt.
• Bod reminded Shermer that in 1440 the Italian philologist Lorenzo Valla exposed the Latin document " Donatio Constantini " ( The Donation of Constantine )  which was used by the Catholic Church to legitimize its land grab of the Western Roman Empire as a forgery . " Valla, " said Bod, " used historical, linguistic and philological evidence, including stemmatic philology, which can derive the original archetype text from extant copies ( in fact, the much later DNA analysis was based on stemmatic philology ) ."
• Bod reminded Shermer that in 1440 the Italian philologist Lorenzo Valla exposed the Latin document " Donatio Constantini " ( The Donation of Constantine )  which was used by the Catholic Church to legitimize its land grab of the Western Roman Empire as a forgery . " Valla, " said Bod, " used historical, linguistic and philological evidence, including stemmatic philology, which can derive the original archetype text from extant copies ( in fact, the much later DNA analysis was based on stemmatic philology ) ."