subthalamus การใช้

• Research has suggested that the subthalamus is an extrapyramidal center.
• Projections to the subthalamus are target toward the lateral geniculate nucleus and vestibulocerebellar relay nuclei.
• Caudally, the subthalamus or prethalamus is separated from the thalamus by the zona limitans intrathalamica.
• They are below the thalamus and consists of three defined, white matter areas of the subthalamus.
• During development the subthalamus is continuous with the hypothalamus, but is separated by white matter fibres mainly from the internal capsule.
• But Stacy wanted to go deeper into the brain _ about one-half inch deeper into the subthalamus, an even more specialized area for movement.
• The NOT has efferent projections to the zona incerta of the subthalamus, several nuclei of the pons, medulla, intralaminar nuclei, midbrain, and dorsal and ventral thalamic nuclei.
• At the five-vesicle stage, the forebrain separates into the diencephalon ( thalamus, hypothalamus, subthalamus, epithalamus, and pretectum ) and the telencephalon which develops into the cerebrum.
• The first, field H 1, is the thalamic fasciculus, a horizontal white matter tract composed of the ansa lenticularis, lenticular fasciculus, and cerebellothalamic tracts between the subthalamus and the thalamus.
• First the ascending mesencephalic tegmentum, subthalamus and hypothalamus to the internal capsule .  The latter was of particular interest, as this series of relays did not correspond to any known anatomical pathways for the wakefulness signal transduction and was coined the " ascending reticular activating system " ( ARAS ).
• Grey matter is distributed at the surface of the cerebral hemispheres ( cerebral cortex ) and of the cerebellum ( cerebellar cortex ), as well as in the depths of the cerebrum ( thalamus; hypothalamus; subthalamus, basal ganglia  putamen, globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens; septal nuclei ), cerebellar ( deep cerebellar nuclei  dentate nucleus, globose nucleus, emboliform nucleus, fastigial nucleus ), brainstem ( substantia nigra, red nucleus, olivary nuclei, cranial nerve nuclei ).