synephrine การใช้

• Some well-known decongestants are Afrin, Dristan, Neo-synephrine and Vicks Inhaler.
• Soak some cotton in Afrin or Neo-Synephrine and place it into the bleeding nostril.
• In physical appearance, synephrine is a colorless, crystalline solid and is water-soluble.
• Racemic synephrine has been resolved using ammonium 3-bromo-camphor-8-sulfonate.
• Over the counter : Afrin, Neo-Synephrine; saline sprays include Ocean, Sea Mist.
• No antagonism of norepinephrine was produced by concentrations of l-synephrine up to 10  " 5 M.
• Bitter orange is also employed in herbal medicine as a stimulant and appetite suppressant, due to its active ingredient, synephrine.
• The main differences of the synephrine isomers compared for example to the ephedrines are the hydroxy-substitutions on the benzene ring.
• The i . m . administration of 75 500 mg of synephrine did not relieve acute asthma attacks, contradicting an earlier claim.
• Synephrine behaved as a partial agonist at ? 1A receptors, but as an antagonist at ? 2A and ? 2C sub-types.
• Earlier, the same research group had reported a normal human blood plasma level of synephrine of 0.90 13.69 ng / mL.
• Furthermore, the marked brocho-constriction produced by injections of histamine was not reversed by either l-synephrine or d, l-synephrine.
• Furthermore, the marked brocho-constriction produced by injections of histamine was not reversed by either l-synephrine or d, l-synephrine.
• The potency of synephrine at adrenergic receptors of the ?-class ( regardless of sub-type ) is much lower than at ?-receptors.
• One current reference source describes synephrine as a vasoconstrictor that has been given to hypotensive patients, orally or by injection, in doses of 20 100 mg.
• Racemic synephrine, given intramuscularly, or by instillation, was found to significantly reduce the inflammation caused by instillation of mustard oil into the eyes of rabbits.
• The ingredient drawing the most attention is bitter orange, which McClellan says the FDA is monitoring closely because it contains synephrine, a stimulant chemically similar to ephedra.
• However, the potency of synephrine at these receptors is relatively low ( i . e . relatively large concentrations of the drug are required to activate them ).
• Trace levels ( 0.003 % ) of synephrine have also been detected in the dried leaves of " Pogostemon cablin " ( patchouli, Lamiaceae ).
• There is some evidence that synephrine also has weak activity at 5-HT receptors, and that it interacts with TAAR1 ( trace amine-associated receptor 1 ).