transketolase การใช้

• Chemical structure for thiamine pyrophosphate and protein structure of transketolase.
• In particular, magnesium, a cofactor of transketolase which may induce or aggravate the disease.
• Transketolase activity is decreased in deficiency of thiamine, which in general is due to malnutrition.
• Moreover, in the Calvin cycle this is the first reaction catalyzed by transketolase, rather than the second.
• Thiamine can be measured using an erythrocyte transketolase activity assay, or by activation by measurement of in vitro thiamine diphosphate levels.
• In mammals, transketolase connects the pentose phosphate pathway to glycolysis, feeding excess sugar phosphates into the main carbohydrate metabolic pathways.
• In this case, acetolactase synthase is a transketolase, which moves back and forth, having both catabolic and anabolic forms.
• Those compounds are affected by an enzyme called transketolase, which depends on thiamine _ also known as vitamin B1 _ for its activity.
• The enzymes transketolase, pyruvate dehydrogenase ( PDH ), and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase ( OGDH ) are all important in carbohydrate metabolism.
• Transketolase is abundantly expressed in the mammalian cornea by the stromal keratocytes and epithelial cells and is reputed to be one of the corneal crystallins.
• Vitamin B1 as thiamine diphosphate is a coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, and transketolase which are all involved in carbohydrate metabolism.
• The cytosolic enzyme transketolase is a key player in the pentose phosphate pathway, a major route for the biosynthesis of the pentose sugars deoxyribose and ribose.
• The researchers sought to block the cell damage by using thiamine to boost the activity of transketolase, but this increased the enzyme activity only about 20 percent.
• One as-yet-unreplicated study has associated susceptibility to this syndrome with a hereditary deficiency of transketolase, an enzyme that requires thiamine as a coenzyme.
• These side-chains, to be specific Arg359, Arg528, His469, and Ser386, are conserved within each transketolase enzyme and interact with the phosphate group of the donor and acceptor substrates.
• Thiamine pyrophosphate is synthesized in the cytosol and is required in the cytosol for the activity of transketolase and in the mitochondria for the activity of pyruvate-, oxoglutarate-and branched chain keto acid dehydrogenases.
• This enzyme has the Enzyme Commission Code is 2.2 . 1.6, which means that the enzyme is a transketolase or a transaldolase, which is classified under the transferases that transfer aldehyde or ketone residues.
• Red blood cell transketolase activity is reduced in deficiency of thiamine ( vitamin B 1 ), and may be used in the diagnosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy and other B 1-deficiency syndromes if the diagnosis is in doubt.
• Overexpression of the four genes encoding non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway enzymes Transaldolase, Transketolase, Ribulose-5-phosphate epimerase and Ribose-5-phosphate ketol-isomerase led to both higher D-xylulose and D-xylose fermentation rate.
• One possible pathway proposes the C8 carbon framework of methythiolincosamide originates from the condensation of a pentose ( C5 ) unit, stemming from either the hexose monophosphate or condensation through a transketolase reaction with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and sedoheptulose-7-phosphate, and a C3 unit, added through a transaldolase reaction with sedoheptulose-7-phosphate.