transvenous การใช้

• The pulse generator is larger than most transvenous ICD pulse generators.
• It is an emergency procedure that acts as a bridge until transvenous pacing or other therapies can be applied.
• Dexamethasone is used in transvenous screw-in cardiac pacing leads to minimize the inflammatory response of the myocardium.
• The device was attached via subcutaneous and transvenous leads to the device contained in a subcutaneous abdominal wall pocket.
• Other forms of cardiac pacing are transvenous pacing, epicardial pacing, and permanent pacing with an implantable pacemaker.
• The FDA permitted the maker of medical devices to use transvenous lead systems made by another company with its implantable defibrillators.
• Some debate exists over the efficacity and reliability of transvenous pacing, especially if the need for permanent pacing is anticipated.
• One of the reasons the S-ICD was developed was to reduce the risk of complications associated with transvenous leads.
• Cameron Health's approach avoided implanting transvenous leads into the heart, which had been the usual procedure for cardiac devices.
• Defibrillators can be external, transvenous, or implanted ( implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ), depending on the type of device used or needed.
• For patients for whom transvenous pacing is chosen, the procedure is done at the bedside with a local anesthetic alone or in conjunction with conscious sedation.
• The greater use of atropine and epinephrine or external pacing may make transvenous pacing unnecessary by stabilizing patients early in the process of caring for the patient.
• In 1959, temporary transvenous pacing was first demonstrated by Seymore Furman and John Schwedel, whereby the catheter electrode was inserted via the patient's basilic vein.
• Called retrograde transvenous neuroperfusion, the treatment calls for catheters to be snaked up into the jugular vein on each side of the neck until they reach a major vein in the back of the head called the venous sinus.
• Unlike a transvenous ICD, in which leads are fed into the heart through a vein and attached to the heart wall, the electrodes of the S-ICD are placed just under the skin and not in the heart; leaving the heart and veins untouched and intact.
• The level of care provided includes cardiac monitoring, defibrillation, external and transvenous pacing, advanced airway management, ventilator, invasive and non-invasive CPAP / BiPAP, blood product administration, invasive line management, arterial lines, central lines, an extensive line of critical care medications, IV pumps, cardiac assist devices, intraaortic balloon pump management and specialty team neonatal critical care.
• These characteristics were incorporated in the next design to be implanted in humans, the model P4, which employed 30 mm 2 area intramyocardial electrodes ( and later transvenous pacing electrodes ), a very conservative 7.5 volt pulse and for further conservatism a magnetically operated switch which could be actuated from outside the body to change the pulse width from 0.5 to 1.0 millisecond.
• Finally, invasive procedures completed by the cardiothoracic anesthesiology fellows include but are not limited to arterial line placement ( femoral, axillary, brachial, radial ), central venous cannulation ( internal juggular, femoral, subclavian ), pulmonary artery catheter placement, transvenous pacemaker placement, thoracic epidural analgesia, fiberoptic endotracheal tube placement, 2D / 3D transesophageal echocardiography, intraspinal drainage placement, and advanced ultrasound guidance of vascular access.