unpalatability การใช้

• Unpalatability, broadly understood, can be created in a variety of ways.
• Their bright coloration advertises unpalatability to potential predators.
• Such unpalatability is advertised using bright red, orange, black, or white warning colors.
• The light emissions are believed to be a warning signal to nocturnal predators of their unpalatability.
• Adults indicate their unpalatability with clicks from their tymbal organs ( Simmons and Conner 1996 ).
• Due to its unpalatability it is usually observed gliding through the air with a minimum of effort.
• This behaviour is most likely stimulated by the unpalatability of the toad s toxins to the birds.
• Unpalatability to avian predators is a feature of the butterfly; however, its level is highly variable.
• Predators soon associate the patterns and habits of such butterfly species with unpalatability to avoid hunting them in future.
• Spatiotemporal variation throughout different ecozones lead to large differences in unpalatability of queens separated by only a few kilometers.
• While many animals use warning coloration to advertise their own unpalatability, warning colors can send a variety of messages.
• In contrast, unpalatability of certain foods can serve as a deterrent from feeding on those foods in the future.
• In order for the aposematism and mimicry to be successful in the butterflies they must continually evolve their colors to warn predators of their unpalatability.
• Unpalatability is correlated with the level of cardenolides obtained via the larval diet, but other compounds like alkaloids also play a part in promoting distastefulness.
• Clones of " E . grandis " have been selected and bred on the basis of unpalatability to this species to minimise damage to plantations.
• The others doubted the inedibility / unpalatability of the models ( some investigators even performed taste tests ! ) or were not convinced that birds were effective selective agents.
• In Batesian mimicry the mimic shares signals similar to the model, but does not have the attribute that makes it unprofitable to predators ( e . g ., unpalatability ).
• If so, predators would learn to associate the colour with unpalatability from males with the trait, while heterozygous females carry the trait until it becomes common and predators understand the signal.
• The sponge benefits from the crab's ability to move away from predators such as nudibranchs, while the crab may benefit from the sponge's unpalatability and the camouflage it provides.
• This species is usually confined to waste ground, such as roadsides and rocky areas, stock camps or rabbit warrens, but can be competitive in pasture, because of its unpalatability to livestock.