wuchereria การใช้

• It is highly susceptible to nocturnally subperiodic " Wuchereria bancrofti " and " dengue type 2 virus ".
• It is not regarded as a malaria vector, but is a secondary vector of " Wuchereria bancrofti " in Maldives.
• Based on the similarities with " W . bancrofti ", Rao and Mapelstone proposed to call the parasite " Wuchereria malayi"
• One study in central Africa found " M . perstans " to be a much more common cause of filariasis symptoms compared to Loa loa and Wuchereria bancrofti.
• For " Wuchereria bancrofti ", a filarial nematode, well-developed cibarial armatures in vectors can damage ingested microfilariae and impede the development of infective L3 larvae.
• The life cycle of " Brugia timori " is very similar to that of " Wuchereria bancrofti " and " Brugia malayi ", leading to nocturnal periodicity of the disease symptoms.
• That the mosquito ( " Culex fatigans ", now " Culex quinquefasciatus " ) was the intermediate host of the filarial parasite ( " Wuchereria bancrofti " ) was a medical breakthrough in 1877.
• In addition to its role as a vector of malaria it is also a vector of some helminths ( including " Wuchereria bancrofti " ) and arboviruses ( including Japanese encephalitis virus, Sindbis virus and West Nile virus ).
• In the parasitic elephantiasis, such as " Brugia malayi " and " Wuchereria bancrofti ", " Wolbachia " has become an obligate endosymbiont and provides the host with chemicals necessary to its reproduction and survival.
• Disease organisms transmitted by mosquitoes include West Nile virus, American tropics; Rift Valley fever, " Wuchereria bancrofti ", Japanese Encephalitis, chikungunya, malaria and filariasis in Africa and Asia; and Murray Valley encephalitis in Australia.
• A hydrocele can also be the result of a plugged inguinal lymphatic system caused by repeated, chronic infection of " Wuchereria bancrofti " or " Brugia malayi ", two mosquito-borne parasites of Africa and Southeast Asia, respectively.
• The microfilariae of " Brugia timori " are longer and morphologically distinct from those of " Brugia malayi " and " Wuchereria bancrofti ", with a cephalic space length-to-width ratio of about 3 : 1.
• It is an important vector for a number of arboviruses, including Murray Valley encephalitis virus, Ross River virus, Barmah Forest virus, Kunjin virus and Japanese encephalitis, as well as dog heartworm and the roundworm " Wuchereria bancrofti " in New Guinea.
• However, various species of filarial worms tend to affect different parts of the body : " Wuchereria bancrofti " can affect the arms, breasts, legs, scrotum, and vulva ( causing hydrocele formation ), while " Brugia timori " rarely affects the genitals.
• Some species of " Anopheles " also can serve as the vectors for canine heartworm " Dirofilaria immitis ", the filariasis-causing species " Wuchereria bancrofti " and " Brugia malayi ", and viruses such as one that causes O'nyong'nyong fever.
• Another study evaluated the effectiveness of ivermectin and albendazole in " M . perstans " and " Wuchereria bancrofti " coinfection in a filarial endemic region of Mali, finding that " M . perstans " infection did not have a significant effect on the treatment of " W . bancrofti ".