batrachia การใช้

• Cope placed stegocephalians in the class Batrachia, the name then used for Amphibia.
• On Reptilia and Batrachia he wrote at least fifteen papers, and described over 40 new species of reptiles and amphibians.
• Nevertheless, Haeckel considered the caecilians to be closely related to what he called Lissamphibia ( which is now called Batrachia and includes frogs and salamanders ).
• The "'Batrachia "'are a clade of amphibians that includes frogs and salamanders, as well as the extinct allocaudates, but not caecilians.
• When it was first described in 2008, " Gerobatrachus " was announced to be the closest relative of Batrachia, the group that includes modern frogs and salamanders.
• Illustration that accompanied the original species description of " " Ixalus flaviventris " " by George Albert Boulenger, published in the " Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s.
• A close relationship between salamanders and caecilians is a competing hypothesis to the more widely supported view that salamanders and frogs are each other's closest relatives within a clade called Batrachia.
• Recognized as a group in 1993, the name ( " meso-" " middle " " batrachia " " frogs " ) is contrasted with the primitive Archaeobatrachia and the more diverse and advanced Neobatrachia.
• Three " Labyrinthodon " models were made for Crystal Palace, based on Owen's guess that, being amphibian in lifestyle, the Triassic animals might have resembled frogs; he named them Batrachia, from the Greek'Batrachios', frog.
• The name Batrachia was first used by French zoologist Pierre Andr?Latreille in 1800 to refer to frogs, but has more recently been defined in a phylogenetic sense as a node-based taxon that includes the last common ancestor of frogs and salamanders and all of its descendants.
• This suborder is the most advanced and apomorphic of the three anuran orders alive today, hence its name, which literally means " new frogs " ( from the hellenic words " neo ", meaning " new " and " batrachia ", meaning " frogs " ).
• The more limited debate ( operating on the assumption that " Amphibia " is a monophyletic clade ) is whether " Caudata " is more closely related to " Anura " ( in a shared clade called " Batrachia "  the traditional view ) or to " Gymnophiona " ( suggested by research in 2005 ).
• When " Gerobatrachus " was first described in 2008, it was incorporated into a phylogenetic analysis that found it to be the sister taxon or closest relative of Batrachia, an evolutionary group that includes living frogs and salamanders but not caecilians, which are the third major lineage of modern amphibians ( the three main groups of modern amphibians are collectively known as lissamphibians ).
• Vital Brazil was convinced since his early work at Butantan that envenomations ( poisoning by accidents with venomous animals, such as snakes, scorpions, spiders and batrachia, then the cause of thousands of deaths in enormous rural Brazil, which teemed with such tropical beasts ) could be fought with antisera, i . e ., antibodies specifically produced for venoms which were proteins or long-chain peptides.