galanthamine การใช้

• Galanthamine a selective, reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, has also been isolated from the bulbs.
• Syntheses of racemic galanthamine have been reported by Wang in 2006 and by Saito in 2008.
• Racemic narwedine was treated with 0.01 equivalent of ( + )-galanthamine resulting in a 76 % yield.
• Yong Qiang Tu's synthesis of the Alzheimer's disease medication galanthamine likewise used this reaction in the presence of an acid-sensitive acetal group.
• In 1989 Vlahov exploited asymmetric reduction by biocatalysis in the synthesis of several galanthamine precursors . and in 1994 Shieh & Carlson obtained (  " )-galanthamine by spontaneous resolution of its narwedine precursor.
• In 1989 Vlahov exploited asymmetric reduction by biocatalysis in the synthesis of several galanthamine precursors . and in 1994 Shieh & Carlson obtained (  " )-galanthamine by spontaneous resolution of its narwedine precursor.
• Both compounds show the ability to inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, and possess a higher selectivity than galanthamine, a drug used for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease and various other memory impairments.
• An example of this reaction is the synthesis of an total synthesis of galanthamine and morphine with 1 mol % [ pi-allylpalladium chloride dimer ], 3 mol % ( " S, S " ) Trost ligand, and triethylamine in dichloromethane at room temperature.
• The natural source of galantamine are certain species of daffodil and because these species are scarce and because the isolation of galanthamine from daffodil is expensive ( a 1996 figure specifies 50, 000 US dollar per kilogram, the yield from daffodil is 0.1-0.2 % dry weight ) alternative synthetic sources are under development by means of total synthesis.