mastodynia การใช้

• Mastodynia ( breast tenderness / pain ) frequently co-occurs with mammoplasia.
• Antiandrogens, for instance spironolactone, are also known to cause breast enlargement and mastodynia in women.
• Absence of mastodynia ( breast pain or tenderness ) occurs in about 20 % of women with ovulatory problems.
• Pain ( " mastodynia " ) is an unreliable tool in determining the presence or absence of breast cancer, but may be indicative of other breast health issues.
• Known estrogen-dependent conditions include mastodynia ( breast pain / tenderness ), breast fibroids, mammoplasia, macromastia ( breast hypertrophy ), gynecomastia, breast cancer, melasma, menorrhagia, endometriosis, endometrial hyperplasia, adenomyosis, uterine cancers ( e . g ., endometrial cancer ), and hyperestrogenism in males such as in certain conditions like cirrhosis and Klinefelter's syndrome.