monokines การใช้

• In 1969 Dudley Dumonde proposed the term " lymphokine " to describe proteins secreted from lymphocytes and later, proteins derived from macrophages and monocytes in culture were called " monokines ".
• In Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome ( StrepTSS ), speA produced by infected streptococcal strains acts as a superantigen and interacts with human monocytes and T lymphocytes, inducing T-cell proliferation and production of monokines ( e . g . tumor necrosis factor ?, interleukin 1, interleukin 6 ), and lymphokines ( e . g . tumor necrosis factor ?, interleukin 2, and gamma-interferon ) . These cytokines ( TNF?, TNF? ) seem to mediate the fever, shock and organ failure characteristic of the disease.