phorbol การใช้

• Phorbol has been isolated from the latex of this perennial plant.
• Croton oil is the source of the chemical compound phorbol.
• Tumor promotion activity was traced to phorbol esters present in croton oil.
• Mezerein and other phorbol esters interact with protein kinase C ( PKC ).
• Its milky white sap contains phorbol and other skin irritants, producing strong allergic dermatitis.
• Phorbol esters can directly stimulate PKC.
• Stimulation of A431 cells with phorbol esters induces expression of interleukin 1-related protein IL1H.
• PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters.
• Expression of the promoter is shown to be induce by phorbol esters and cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase signaling.
• It is inhibited by extracellular acidification and arachidonic acid, and strongly inhibited by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.
• EBC-46 is a phorbol ester which, along with other related compounds, acts as a protein kinase C regulator.
• ARE-directed mRNA degradation is influenced by many exogenous factors, including phorbol esters, calcium ionophores, cytokines, and transcription inhibitors.
• Pure phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate which is found in croton oil is now used widely in laboratory research to induce tumor development.
• Phorbol esters can directly stimulate protein kinase C, PKC . The N-terminal region of PKC, known as C1, has been shown
• IL3 is produced by T lymphocytes and T-cell lymphomas only after stimulation with antigens, mitogens, or chemical activators such as phorbol esters.
• In 2008, a team at Stanford University led by chemist Paul Wender has published an elegant four-step chemical synthesis of prostratin from phorbol.
• The AP-1 / PEA-3 binding motif is required and essential for MMP7 to be responsive to growth factors, oncogenes and phorbol ester.
• In addition to a variety of irritant phorbol-type esters, the latex contains resiniferatoxin and tinyatoxin, two closely related highly irritant resiniferonol-type esters.
• Regulation of the RhoGAP activity of CHN1 by phorbol esters, natural compounds mimic of the lipid second messenger DAG, presents a possible way of designing agents for therapeutics.
• Safingol competitively competes with phorbol dibutyrate at regulatory domains of the protein kinase C family, inhibiting the activation of such enzymes as PKC?-I, PKC?, and PKC?.