supraphysiological การใช้

• It requires frequent administration of approximately once per week, and large fluctuations in testosterone levels result with it, with levels initially being elevated and supraphysiological.
• A " pharmacologic dose " or " supraphysiological dose " of a hormone is a medical usage referring to an amount of a hormone far greater than naturally occurs in a healthy body.
• Concern has been raised regarding topical progesterone in that the effects of such supraphysiological levels of progesterone in tissues are unknown and hence the potential for harmful effects has not been ruled out.
• Veldhuis JD, Keenan DM, Mielke K, Miles JM, Bowers CY . Supraphysiological Testosterone Supplementation in Healthy Older Men Drives GH and IGF-I Secretion without Potentiating Peptidyl Secretagogue Efficacy.
• Although very low levels of progesterone have been observed in venous blood, very high and in fact greatly supraphysiological levels of progesterone have been found in saliva and capillary blood with topical progesterone.
• With respect to the role of GIP in lipid metabolism, supraphysiological levels have shown a lipogenic action, however the action of collagenase in experimental protocols is known to degrade GIP / GIP receptors.
• As such, progesterone may have the potential to accelerate the clearance of various drugs, especially with oral administration ( which results in supraphysiological levels of progesterone in the liver ), as well as with the high concentrations achieved with sufficient injection dosages.
• Noting that gynecomastia is a recognized complication of treatment with GH and IGF-1, the authors of the study attributed the breast development to a synergism of her high, supraphysiological IGF-1 levels with the low levels of estrogen derived from peripheral adrenal androgens.
• This is thought to be because very high local levels of testosterone in the testes ( concentrations in the seminiferous tubules are 20-to 100-fold greater than circulating levels ) are required to mediate spermatogenesis, and exogenous testosterone therapy ( which is administered systemically ) cannot achieve these required high local concentrations ( at least not without extremely supraphysiological dosages ).