viroids การใช้

• ANSWER : First, there were bacteria, then viruses and viroids.
• This viroid is now called Potato spindle tuber viroid, abbreviated PSTVd.
• This viroid is now called Potato spindle tuber viroid, abbreviated PSTVd.
• Excluded are other ranks of virus, viroids and prions.
• Vertical transmission of peach latent mosaic viroid through seeds can not occur.
• The mode of natural inoculation of the viroid is unknown.
• Viroids, which cause some plant diseases, are naked snippets of RNA.
• Agents of this virus resemble that of plant viroids.
• RNA polymerase II catalyzes rolling-circle synthesis of new viroids . ]]
• Virusoids are essentially viroids that have been encapsidated by a helper virus coat protein.
• Symptomless trees also represent a greater danger in terms of spread of the viroid.
• Viroid RNA does not code for any protein.
• It serves as a model system for research on the satellite RNAs and viroids.
• It is however thought that RY motifs are essential for establishing a viroid infection.
• The viroid enters the cell via its plasmodesmata.
• Infected but symptomless trees have a higher concentration of viroid particles than those showing symptoms.
• That is because both viroids have 64 % of their sequence of nucleotides in common.
• Related to but distinct from the RNA viruses are the viroids and the RNA satellite viruses.
• Viroids thus are true circular RNAs.
• The amount ( titre ) of viroid particles present in avocado trees varies a great deal.