allopatry การใช้
- Ecological speciation can occur either in allopatry, sympatry, or parapatry.
- Allopatry, morphology, and behavior are strong characters supporting the species status of the lacy elimia.
- This isolation ( allopatry ) can be due to climatic changes, geography, or human activities such as deforestation and overhunting.
- Parapatry is a geographical distribution opposed to sympatry ( same area ) and allopatry or peripatry ( two similar cases of distinct areas ).
- Collins recognized it as its own species which was followed by ASW6.0 and Amphibiaweb on the basis of its diagnosability from Pseudacris streckeri and its allopatry.
- Micro-allopatry is included as sympatry according to spatial definitions, but, as it does not satisfy panmixia, it is not considered sympatry according to population genetics definitions.
- The majority view then ( and now ) was that geographical separation is the primary force in species splitting ( or allopatry ) and secondarily was the increased sterility of crosses between incipient species.
- While the eastern and western Hume's leaf warblers already show noticeable differences in mtDNA sequence and calls, their songs do not differ; they are reproductively isolated only by allopatry and not usually considered separate species.
- Parapatric speciation can be understood as a level of gene flow between populations where " m " = 0 in allopatry ( and peripatry ), " m " = 0.5 in sympatry, and midway between the two in parapatry.
- For example, micro-allopatry, also known as macro-sympatry, is a condition where there are two populations whose ranges overlap completely, but contact between the species is prevented because they occupy completely different ecological niches ( such as diurnal vs . nocturnal ).
- Speciation occurs as the result of the latter ( allopatry ); however, a variety of differing agents have been documented and are often defined and classified in various forms ( e . g . peripatric, parapatric, sympatric, polyploidization, hybridization, etc . ).
- Nevertheless, much of the current research suggests that, " . . . speciation is a process of emerging genealogical distinctness, rather than a discontinuity affecting all genes simultaneously " and, in allopatry ( the most common form of speciation ), " reproductive isolation is a byproduct of evolutionary change in isolated populations, and thus can be considered an evolutionary accident ".
- These include : ( 1 ) differences between sympatric taxa are greater than expected by chance; ( 2 ) differences in character states are related to differences in resource use; ( 3 ) resources are limiting, and interspecific competition for these resources is a function of character similarity; ( 4 ) resource distribution are the same in sympatry and allopatry such that differences in character states are not due to differences in resource availability; ( 5 ) differences must have evolved in situ; ( 6 ) differences must be genetically based.